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Women
make up half of the US workforce but
account for less than 4 percent of
the nation’s top executives.
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Despite
the fact that 54 percent of graduate
and undergraduate degrees are awarded
to women, a female manager can expect
to earn 68 percent of what a male
manager earns.
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Three of every four
women report having been sexually
harassed during their educational
or professional career.
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Women managers are more
likely to work in administrative and
support functions. They are more likely
to support a “decision maker”
than BE a “decision maker.” |
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A
recent Cornell study found that female
job applicants with children would
be less likely to get hired, and if
they do, would be paid a lower salary
than other candidates, male and female.
By contrast, male applicants with
children would be offered a higher
salary than non-fathers and mothers.
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Another
study by Carnegie Mellon found that
female job applicants who tried to
negotiate a higher salary were less
likely to be hired by male managers,
while male applicants were not.
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To view this article
in its entirety, click here: http://money.cnn.com/2006/02/21/commentary/
everyday/sahadi/index.htm
To learn about the ten best-paid business
executives (Guess what, they’re
all men!), check out this informative
article from CNNMoney.com: (http://money.cnn.com/2006/10/03/news/newsmakers/
mpwpay/index.htm)
According to the Small
Business Administration, America’s
10.6 million women-owned businesses
employ 19.1 million people and contribute
$2.46 trillion to the economy. For
more information, visit the Small
Business Administration site: (http://www.sba.gov/onlinewbc/about.html)
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Only
fifteen percent of top positions,
including board members or CEOs at
Fortune 500 companies, are held by
women. Numbers that have scarcely
changed in a decade.
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Females
without mentors reported an average
compensation increase of $35,304,
whereas females with mentors earned
$57,954 more than they had five years
prior. However, for men, those without
mentors reported an average increase
of $58,431, and those with mentors
earned $82,454 more after five years.
Women with mentors did not even realize
as much earnings growth as men without
mentors.
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To
access the article, click here:
http://www.utexas.edu/features/2007/mentorship/
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(www.nwlc.org)
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Almost
half of all working women have experienced
some form of harassment on the job,
a proportion that has not changed
since the issue gained visibility
in the early 1980s.
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No
occupation is immune from sexual harassment,
but the incidence of harassment is
higher in workplaces that have traditionally
excluded women, including both blue
collar jobs like mining and white
collar ones like surgery.
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Very
few harassed women, only 5-15 percent,
formally report problems of harassment
to their employers or fair employment
agencies. Women are sometimes reluctant
to make allegations of sexual harassment
for a number of reasons, including fear
of losing their jobs or otherwise hurting
their careers, fear of not being believed,
the belief that nothing can or will
be done about the harassment, and embarrassment
or shame at being harassed. |
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By
2010, women are expected to control
$1 trillion, or 60 percent of the
country’s wealth, according
to research conducted by BusinessWeek
and Gallup.
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Women
purchase or influence the purchase
of 80 percent of all consumer goods,
including stocks, computers, and automobiles.
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Women
earn more than half of all accounting
degrees, four out of every ten law degrees,
and almost that many medical degrees.
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The solo woman’s
market—defined as never-married
women ages 25 to 44—will approach
$200 billion by 2006, according to Packaged
Facts, a division of MarketResearch.com.
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To
access the article click here:
How
to market to 51% of Americans |
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Politics
| 1872 |
Victoria
Claflin Woodhull, a suffragist, became
the first woman presidential candidate in the United
States in 1872, despite the fact that women did
not have the right to vote.
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| 1887 |
Susanna
Medora Salter—First woman elected
mayor of an American town (Argonia, Kansas, 1887).
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| 1916 |
Jeannette
Rankin, founding vice president of the
American Civil Liberties Union, was the first woman
to be elected to the US House of Representatives
(Montana, 1916).
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| 1925 |
After accepting
the seat left by her deceased husband, William Bradford
Ross, Nellie Tayloe Ross became
the first woman to serve as governor of a state
(Wyoming, 1925).
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| 1932 |
Hattie Wyatt
Caraway—First woman elected to the
US Senate (Arkansas, 1932).
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| 1933 |
Frances
Perkins—First woman member of a presidential
cabinet as secretary of labor under President Franklin
D. Roosevelt (1933).
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| 1964 |
Margaret
Chase Smith was the first woman nominated
for president of the United States by a major political
party, at the Republican National Convention in
San Francisco. The year was 1964 and Smith, a moderate
Republican, lost the nomination to Barry Goldwater.
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| 1984 |
Running with
Democrat Walter Mondale in 1984, Geraldine
Ferraro was the first woman to run for
vice president on a major party ticket. The pair
lost to the re-election of Ronald Reagan and George
H.W. Bush.
|
| 1990 |
Dr.
Antonia Novello—First woman to be
sworn in as US Surgeon General (1990).
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| 1993 |
Shiela
Widnall—First woman secretary of
a branch of the US military as head of the Air Force
(1993).
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Janet
Reno—First woman US Attorney General
(1993).
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| 1997 |
In 1997 Madeleine
Albright was sworn in as US Secretary of
State. She was the first woman in this position
and at the time was the highest-ranking woman in
the United States government.
|
| 2005 |
Condoleezza
Rice—First African-American female
Secretary of State (2005).
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| 2007 |
In January 2007 Nancy
Pelosi was the first woman to be elected
Speaker of the House in the 200 years since Congress
was created. She was also the first Californian
and the first Italian American to be elected to
the position. |
Business
| 1795 |
Anne
Parrish—Founded the first charitable
organization for women in America, The House of
Industry (Philadelphia, 1795).
|
| 1934 |
Lettie
Pate Whitehead—First American woman
to serve as a director of a major corporation (The
Coca-Cola Company, 1934).
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| 1967 |
In 1967 Muriel
“Mickey” Siebert was the first
woman to own a seat on the New York Stock Exchange
and the first woman to head one of its member firms.
Because she ascended to these positions, she is
commonly referred to as the “First Woman of
Finance.”
|
| 1977 |
Juanita Kreps—First
woman director of the New York Stock Exchange; Later
became the first woman appointed US Secretary of
Commerce (1977).
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Law
| 1869 |
Arabella
Mansfield—First woman lawyer (1869).
|
| 1870 |
Ada H.
Kepley—First woman lawyer to graduate
from a law school (1870).
|
| 1879 |
Belva Ann
Lockwood—First woman allowed to
practice before the US Supreme Court (1879).
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| 1981 |
Sandra
Day O’Connor was the first woman
justice on the US Supreme Court. Appointed by
President Ronald Reagan in 1981, she was seen
as having centric views, and her centric ruling
style made her the deciding vote between the more
conservative justices and the liberal justices
on many cases.
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| 1985 |
Penny Harrington—First
female police chief of a major US city (Portland,
Oregon, 1985). |
The Arts
| 1896 |
Alice
Guy-Blaché was the first woman
film director. In 1896 she shot the first of her
more than 300 films, a short feature called La
Fee aux Choux (The Cabbage Fairy).
A true film pioneer, her film was also one of
the first fiction films to be produced.
|
| 1921 |
Edith Wharton—First
woman to win a Pulitzer Prize for fiction for
her novel The Age of Innocence (1921)
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Education
| 2007 |
Drew
Gilpin Faust—First woman selected
as president of a university (Harvard University,
2007).
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Religion
| 1853 |
Antoinette
Blackwell—First American woman
to be ordained a minister in a recognized denomination
(1853).
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Science
| 1849 |
Elizabeth
Blackwell—First woman in the US to
earn her M.D. degree (1849).
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| 1903 |
In 1903 Marie
Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel
Prize for Physics for research into radiation. Later,
in 1911, she also won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry
after she discovered the chemical elements radium
and polonium.
|
| 1963 |
Valentina
Tereshkova—First woman to enter space
(June 16, 1963).
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Athletics
| 1926 |
In
1926 Gertrude Ederle was the first
woman to swim across the English Channel. She made
it across in 14 hours and 31 minutes, a time better
than those of all five of the men who swam the Channel
before her.
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| 1946 |
Edith
Houghton—First woman hired as a major
league baseball scout (1946).
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| 1970 |
Diane
Crump—First female jockey to ride
in the Kentucky Derby (1970).
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| 2000 |
Jacqueline
Ingrassia was the first woman to win the
Triple Crown (2000). |
Journalism
| 1976 |
Barbara
Walters—First female newscaster
on a network news program (1976).
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